Mononucleosis

Mononucleosis (commonly referred to as mono) is caused by infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. Symptoms of mononucleosis include fever, fatigue, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands. Mononucleosis can cause liver inflammation (hepatitis) and spleen enlargement.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is generally found in saliva, mucus, and occasionally tears.  EBV is not easily spread, but those with weakened immune systems are at a higher risk for infectious mononucleosis. EBV can be spread through intimate contact or sharing of saliva.  EBV can also infect people through sharing of glasses of eating utensils.  Mononucleosis can continue to be spread by those who previously had mononucleosis but no longer have symptoms.

Most people exposed to Epstein-Barr virus do not develop mononucleosis.  Most adults carry an antibody against EBV in their blood.  Those suffering from mononucleosis usually make a full recovery after several weeks, but it may take several months for some to regain normal energy levels. Treatment for mononucleosis includes rest, pain medication, and in some cases anti-viral medication.

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