Brown Fat

Brown fat, or brown adipose tissue, is a rapid source of energy for infants in whom it forms about 5% of body weight.  Infant bodies do not have much white fat to help insulate and retain body heat.  There are white fat cells present in the body, but there is not much fat stored in them. Therefore, a newborn baby produces heat by breaking down fat molecules into fatty acids in brown fat cells.  Instead of leaving the brown fat cell (like in white fat cells), the fatty acids are broken down further in the mitochondria, releasing energy.  This process of producing heat is known as thermogenesis.  As newborn babies eat more and develop layers of white fat, the brown fat diminishes. Although adult humans have little brown fat, the process of thermogensis is important to losing weight.

Brown fat is bound to the skeleton and is thermogenically responsive. When excess calories are consumed, the body compensates in part by producing more heat to burn off the calories instead of storing them as white fat. Brown fat activity explains why some people can overeat and stay slim while other people gain weight easily.  Brown fat becomes less active and less thermogenically responsive with age. Instead of calories being burned off, they get stored as white fat.  Therefore, keeping brown fat activated is a big key to weight control. Brown fat activity goes down if your diet is poor and you don’t get regular aerobic exercise to increase your lung capacity and elevate your heart rate.

There are a myriad of artificial weight loss products which claim to work thermogenically by activating brown fat.   At first, people generally report increased energy and less appetite, and occasionally a slight warming effect.  There are also natural plant agents thought to help activate thermogenesis and brown fat activity including:  Yerba Mate, Guarana, Capsicum, Sida Cordifolia, Green Tea or Gota Kula.

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